2024-04-19

(चि॰)

चैत्रः-01-11 ,सिंहः-मघा🌛🌌 , मेषः-अश्विनी-01-06🌞🌌 , मधुः-01-31🌞🪐 , शुक्रः

  • Indian civil date: 1946-01-30, Islamic: 1445-10-10 Shawwāl, 🌌🌞: सं- मेषः, तं- चित्तिरै, म- मेटं, प- विसाख, अ- ब’हाग
  • संवत्सरः - क्रोधी
  • वर्षसङ्ख्या 🌛- शकाब्दः 1946, विक्रमाब्दः 2081, कलियुगे 5125
  • 🪐🌞ऋतुमानम् — वसन्तऋतुः उत्तरायणम्
  • 🌌🌞सौरमानम् — वसन्तऋतुः उत्तरायणम्
  • 🌛चान्द्रमानम् — वसन्तऋतुः चैत्रः (≈मधुः)

खचक्रस्थितिः

  • |🌞-🌛|तिथिः — शुक्ल-एकादशी►20:05; शुक्ल-द्वादशी►
  • 🌌🌛नक्षत्रम् — मघा►10:55; पूर्वफल्गुनी► (सिंहः)
  • 🌌🌞सौर-नक्षत्रम् — अश्विनी►
    • राशि-मासः — चैत्रः►
  • 🌛+🌞योगः — वृद्धिः►25:42!; ध्रुवः►
  • २|🌛-🌞|करणम् — वणिजा►06:47; भद्रा►20:05; बवम्►
  • 🌌🌛- चन्द्राष्टम-राशिः—मकरः
  • 🌞-🪐 मूढग्रहाः - बुधः (11.73° → 13.19°)
  • 🌞-🪐 अमूढग्रहाः - शुक्रः (12.35° → 12.09°), गुरुः (-21.90° → -21.16°), मङ्गलः (38.44° → 38.64°), शनिः (43.93° → 44.81°)

राशयः
शनि — कुम्भः►. गुरु — मेषः►. मङ्गल — कुम्भः►. शुक्र — मीनः►. बुध — मीनः►. राहु — मीनः►. केतु — कन्या►.

दिनमान-कालविभागाः

  • 🌅—05:57-12:08🌞-18:18🌇
⬇ ⬆ ⬇
चन्द्रः ⬆14:53 ⬇03:27*
शनिः ⬇15:18 ⬆03:27*
गुरुः ⬆07:16 ⬇19:49
मङ्गलः ⬇15:41 ⬆03:47*
शुक्रः ⬇17:28 ⬆05:15*
बुधः ⬇17:27 ⬆05:11*
राहुः ⬇17:17 ⬆05:04*
केतुः ⬆17:17 ⬇05:04*
  • 🌞⚝भट्टभास्कर-मते वीर्यवन्तः— प्रातः—05:57-07:30; साङ्गवः—09:02-10:35; मध्याह्नः—12:08-13:40; अपराह्णः—15:13-16:46; सायाह्नः—18:18-19:45
  • 🌞⚝सायण-मते वीर्यवन्तः— प्रातः-मु॰1—05:57-06:46; प्रातः-मु॰2—06:46-07:36; साङ्गवः-मु॰2—09:15-10:04; पूर्वाह्णः-मु॰2—11:43-12:32; अपराह्णः-मु॰2—14:11-15:01; सायाह्नः-मु॰2—16:39-17:29; सायाह्नः-मु॰3—17:29-18:18
  • 🌞कालान्तरम्— ब्राह्मं मुहूर्तम्—04:24-05:10; मध्यरात्रिः—22:57-01:17
  • राहुकालः—10:35-12:08; यमघण्टः—15:13-16:46; गुलिककालः—07:30-09:02
  • शूलम्—प्रतीची (►10:53); परिहारः–गुडम्

उत्सवाः

  • अनध्यायः, ऋषीणां दमनकपूजा, गङ्गा-अन्त्य-पुष्कर-आरम्भः, माधव-मासः, श्रीकृष्णदोलोत्सवः, समुद्र-मन्थनम्, सर्व-कामदा-एकादशी, सायन-विष्णुपदी-पुण्यकालः, सायन-सङ्क्रमण-दिन-अपराह्ण-पुण्यकालः

ऋषीणां दमनकपूजा

Observed on Śukla-Ēkādaśī tithi of Caitraḥ (lunar) month (Sūryōdayaḥ/puurvaviddha).

Perform pūjā to r̥ṣis using damanaka (dhavana) flowers.

दमनकपूजोक्ता हेमाद्रौ देवीपुराणे—
एकादश्याम् ऋषेः पूजा कार्या सार्वोपहारिकी ।
धनवान्पुत्रवान्कान्त ऋषिलोके महीयते ।

Details

अनध्यायः

Anadhyayana during the day/night, as it precedes saṅkramaṇa tonight. When saṅkramaṇa happens in the night, the previous and next day (daylight time) are anadhyayana. If saṅkramaṇa happens in the night, the previous and next nights are anadhyayana.

कालादर्शे—
पूर्वश्चोर्ध्वमनध्यायमहः सङ्क्रमणे निशि।
दिवा पूर्वोत्तरा रात्रिरिति वेदविदो विदुः॥

Details

  • References
    • Smriti Muktaphalam SVR p. 162
  • Edit config file
  • Tags: Anadhyayana Days

गङ्गा-अन्त्य-पुष्कर-आरम्भः

Coming from Brahma’s Kamandalu, Pushkara Raja resides in different rivers, along with 3.5 crore tirthas, following the Sankranti of Guru, for twelve days at the beginning of the Sankranti (ādya puṣkaram) and at the end of the year (preceding transition to the next rāśī, antya puṣkaram), and for two muhurtas during mid-day, every day, during the entire year. Following the transition of Guru to mēṣa rāśī, puṣkararāja resides in gaṅgā river.

यदा राशि-प्रवेशः स्यात्तदा प्रभृति सर्वदा।
द्वादशाहमिते काले वस्तव्यं तु ममाऽऽज्ञया॥
आवत्सरं तु वस्तव्यं मध्याह्ने द्विमुहूर्तकम्।
अन्ते द्वादश वस्तव्यं दिनानि च यथासुखम्॥

Details

माधव-मासः

  • 19:29→

Beginning of mādhava-māsaḥ, marked by the transit of Sun into the 2nd division of the tropical zodiac. While nirayana saṅkrānti’s are widely observed, tropical saṅkrānti’s are also equally sacred, and have similar puṇyakālas associated with them.

सङ्क्रान्तिस्नानाकरणे प्रत्यवायमाह शातातपः—
सूर्यसङ्क्रमणे पुण्ये न स्नायाद्यदि मानवः।
सप्तजन्मसु रोगी स्याद् दुःखभागी च जायते॥
सङ्क्रान्त्यां यानि दत्तानि हव्यकव्यानि मानवैः।
तानि तस्य ददात्यर्कः सप्तजन्मसु निश्चितम्॥
—वैद्यनाथ-दीक्षितीये स्मृतिमुक्ताफले आह्निक-काण्डः (पूर्वभागः)

मधुश्च माधवश्च वासन्तिकावृतू
शुक्रश्च शुचिश्च ग्रैष्मावृतू
नभश्च नभस्यश्च वार्‌षिकावृतू
इषश्चोर्जश्च शारदावृतू
सहश्च सहस्यश्च हैमन्तिकावृतू
तपश्च तपस्यश्च शैशिरावृतू
—तैत्तिरीय-संहितायां ४-४-११

Details

  • References
    • Smriti Muktaphalam SVR p. 267
  • Edit config file
  • Tags: SunSankranti CommonFestivals

सायन-सङ्क्रमण-दिन-अपराह्ण-पुण्यकालः

  • 12:08→18:18

When the transit of the Sun (saṅkrānti) happens in the second half of the day (aparāhṇa) and before midnight, the second half of the day form a puṇyakāla for various observances. In addition to 16 ghatikas on either side of the transition, and specific puṇyakālas like ṣaḍaśīti, viṣṇupadī etc., this is also useful, especially in cases where the other puṇyakālas are inconvenient for appropriate performance of rituals such as snāna, dāna, tarpaṇa, etc.

While the nirayana puṇyakāla-s are well known, marked by the transit of the Sun into various rāśī-s (which confer the name to the corresponding saura month), there are also ayana-s and sāyana saṅkramaṇa-s, which mark the position of the Sun above the Northern or Southern parts of the Earth. These determine the r̥tu-s, and also the very famous uttarāyaṇa and dakṣināyana (movement of the Sun towards North or South, respectively). While these two types of puṇyakāla-s (sāyana and nirayana) coincided millennia ago, there has been a gradual precession of the equinoxes, owing to the nature of the Earth’s rotation, causing the sāyana saṅkramaṇa-s to happen about 24 days before the nirayana saṅkramaṇa-s. In that era, uttarāyaṇa coincided with makara-saṅkramaṇa and dakṣināyana coincided with karkaṭaka-saṅkramaṇa, and the mēsa and tulā saṅkramaṇa-s corresponded to the equinoxes, when the Sun rises direct East (and sets direct West).

Many Dharma Shastra texts recognise the separate puṇyakāla-s for both types of saṅkramaṇa-s. The vachanam of Jaabaali Maharshi is mentioned above, where he says that the puṇyakāla-s are identical (in their reckoning) for both types of saṅkramaṇa-s. In the Pulastya Siddhanta, the anushthanas which are to be performed in this sayana punya kala just like nirayana are explicitly stated: snāna, dāna, japa, śrāddha, vrata, hōma, etc. In Kala Madhava, which is considered as the source text of the kala vicharas of the Dikshitiya, it is said in the 5th prakarana that, meṣādi-saṅkrāntayo yasmin dine bhavanti tasmād dināt pūrvebhyaḥ ekādaśabhyo dinebhyaḥ prācīne dine, noting that Sayana Sankramanas occurred ~11 days before the day when the Mesha Sankramanas etc occur. Further references are seen in Dharma Sindhu first pariccheda, Jayasimha Kalpadruma sankranti nirnaya and Nirnaya Sindhu first pariccheda. There are also ample references in Vedas, illustrating how Ayana-s happened much later (in certain other eras), e.g. Shukla Yajur Veda Shatapatha Brahmana (Ekapaat Kanda 1/2/3), Nakshatra Sukta belonging to the Atharva Veda (Shaunaka Samhita 19/7/2), Maitrayaniya Aranyaka (6/14), and Taittiriya Brahmana (1/5/2).

For a wonderfully detailed exposition on the topic, see https://sites.google.com/view/nakshatradarsha/dakshinayana-en and https://sites.google.com/view/nakshatradarsha/uttarayana-en .

सङ्क्रान्तिषु यथा कालस्तदीयेऽप्ययने तथा।
अयनांश-संस्कृतो भानुः नाले चरति सर्वदा।
अमुख्या राशिसङ्क्रान्तिः तुल्यः कालविधिस्तयोः।
स्नान-दान-जप-श्राद्ध-व्रत-होमादि-कर्मभिः।
सुकृतं चल-सङ्क्रान्तौ अक्षयं पुरुषोऽश्नुते॥

Details

सायन-विष्णुपदी-पुण्यकालः

  • 13:05→18:18

sāyana-viṣṇupadī-puṇyakāla. For viṣṇupadī-puṇyakāla, the 16 ghatikas preceding and succeeding the saṅkramaṇa form a puṇyakāla; in general, the ghatikas closer to the puṇyakāla are even more sacred.

While the nirayana puṇyakāla-s are well known, marked by the transit of the Sun into various rāśī-s (which confer the name to the corresponding saura month), there are also ayana-s and sāyana saṅkramaṇa-s, which mark the position of the Sun above the Northern or Southern parts of the Earth. These determine the r̥tu-s, and also the very famous uttarāyaṇa and dakṣināyana (movement of the Sun towards North or South, respectively). While these two types of puṇyakāla-s (sāyana and nirayana) coincided millennia ago, there has been a gradual precession of the equinoxes, owing to the nature of the Earth’s rotation, causing the sāyana saṅkramaṇa-s to happen about 24 days before the nirayana saṅkramaṇa-s. In that era, uttarāyaṇa coincided with makara-saṅkramaṇa and dakṣināyana coincided with karkaṭaka-saṅkramaṇa, and the mēsa and tulā saṅkramaṇa-s corresponded to the equinoxes, when the Sun rises direct East (and sets direct West).

Many Dharma Shastra texts recognise the separate puṇyakāla-s for both types of saṅkramaṇa-s. The vachanam of Jaabaali Maharshi is mentioned above, where he says that the puṇyakāla-s are identical (in their reckoning) for both types of saṅkramaṇa-s. In the Pulastya Siddhanta, the anushthanas which are to be performed in this sayana punya kala just like nirayana are explicitly stated: snāna, dāna, japa, śrāddha, vrata, hōma, etc. In Kala Madhava, which is considered as the source text of the kala vicharas of the Dikshitiya, it is said in the 5th prakarana that, meṣādi-saṅkrāntayo yasmin dine bhavanti tasmād dināt pūrvebhyaḥ ekādaśabhyo dinebhyaḥ prācīne dine, noting that Sayana Sankramanas occurred ~11 days before the day when the Mesha Sankramanas etc occur. Further references are seen in Dharma Sindhu first pariccheda, Jayasimha Kalpadruma sankranti nirnaya and Nirnaya Sindhu first pariccheda. There are also ample references in Vedas, illustrating how Ayana-s happened much later (in certain other eras), e.g. Shukla Yajur Veda Shatapatha Brahmana (Ekapaat Kanda 1/2/3), Nakshatra Sukta belonging to the Atharva Veda (Shaunaka Samhita 19/7/2), Maitrayaniya Aranyaka (6/14), and Taittiriya Brahmana (1/5/2).

For a wonderfully detailed exposition on the topic, see https://sites.google.com/view/nakshatradarsha/dakshinayana-en and https://sites.google.com/view/nakshatradarsha/uttarayana-en .

सङ्क्रान्तिस्नानाकरणे प्रत्यवायमाह शातातपः—
सूर्यसङ्क्रमणे पुण्ये न स्नायाद्यदि मानवः।
सप्तजन्मसु रोगी स्याद् दुःखभागी च जायते॥
सङ्क्रान्त्यां यानि दत्तानि हव्यकव्यानि मानवैः।
तानि तस्य ददात्यर्कः सप्तजन्मसु निश्चितम्॥
—वैद्यनाथ-दीक्षितीये स्मृतिमुक्ताफले आह्निक-काण्डः (पूर्वभागः)
पुण्यायां विष्णुपद्यां च प्राक् पश्चादपि षोडशः॥
या याः सन्निहिता नाड्यस्तास्ताः पुण्यतमाः स्मृताः॥
—वैद्यनाथ-दीक्षितीये स्मृतिमुक्ताफले आह्निक-काण्डः (पूर्वभागः)
सङ्क्रान्तिषु यथा कालस्तदीयेऽप्ययने तथा।
अयनांश-संस्कृतो भानुः नाले चरति सर्वदा।
अमुख्या राशिसङ्क्रान्तिः तुल्यः कालविधिस्तयोः।
स्नान-दान-जप-श्राद्ध-व्रत-होमादि-कर्मभिः।
सुकृतं चल-सङ्क्रान्तौ अक्षयं पुरुषोऽश्नुते॥

Details

  • References
    • Smriti Muktaphalam SVR p. 267
  • Edit config file
  • Tags: SunSankranti CommonFestivals

समुद्र-मन्थनम्

Observed on Śukla-Ēkādaśī tithi of Caitraḥ (lunar) month (Sūryōdayaḥ/puurvaviddha).

Jyeshtha Devi (Kali wife), Varuni (Sesha wife), Sauparni (Garuda wife), Apsaras, Gandharvas, Airavata, Ucchaisrava, Dhanvantari, Parijatam, Kamadhenu born from Milk ocean

Details

सर्व-कामदा-एकादशी

The Shukla-paksha Ekadashi of chaitra month is known as kāmadā-ēkādaśī.

पक्षे पक्षे च कर्तव्यमेकादश्यामुपोषणम्।
यदीच्छेद्विष्णुसायुज्यं श्रियं सन्ततिमात्मनः।
एकादश्यां न भुञ्जीत पक्षयोरुभयोरपि॥

अद्य स्थित्वा निराहारः श्वोभूते परमेश्वर।
भोक्ष्यामि पुण्डरीकाक्ष शरणं मे भवाच्युत॥
प्रमादादथवाऽऽलस्याद्धरे केशव माधव।
व्रतस्यास्य च वै विघ्नो न भवेत्त्वत्प्रसादतः॥
–पद्मपुराणे

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श्रीकृष्णदोलोत्सवः

Observed on Śukla-Ēkādaśī tithi of Caitraḥ (lunar) month (Sūryōdayaḥ/puurvaviddha).

Perform dōlōtsava for Shri Krishna.

चैत्रमासस्य शुक्लायामेकादश्यां तु वैष्णवैः।
आन्दोलनीयो देवेशः सलक्ष्मीको महोत्सवैः।
दमनेनार्चयित्वा च रात्रौ जागरणं चरेत्॥
इति मदनरत्ने ब्राह्मवचनात्।
दोलारूढं प्रपश्यन्ति कृष्णं कलिमलापहम्।
अपराधसहस्रैस्तु मुक्तास्ते घूर्णने कृते॥
आन्दोलनदिने प्राप्ते रुद्रेण सहिताः सुराः।
कुर्वन्ति प्राङ्गणे नृत्यं गीतं वाद्यं च हर्षिताः॥
तावत्तिष्ठन्ति पापानि जन्मकोटिकृतान्यपि।
यावन्नान्दोलयेद्भूप कृष्णं कंसविनाशिनम्॥
दोलास्थितस्य देवस्य येऽग्रे कुर्वन्ति जागरम्।
सर्वपुण्यफलावाप्तिर्निमिषेणैव जायते॥
दोलास्थितं तु ये कृष्णं पश्यन्ति मधुमाधवे।
क्रीडन्ते विष्णुना सार्धे वैकुण्ठे देवपूजिताः॥
तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन दोलायात्रामहोत्सवः।
कार्यः सर्वफलावाप्त्यै सर्वपापहरः शुभः॥

Details